DIN1629/EN10216-1 Pipeline

Differentiated seam stainless steel tubes and seamless stainless steel pipe

Stainless steel tube is a hollow round steel bar, mainly used in petroleum, chemical, medical, food, light industry, machinery and instruments and other industrial pipes and mechanical structural components. In addition, bending, torsional strength of the same, lighter, so it is widely used in the manufacture of mechanical parts and engineering structures. Also used in producing all kinds of conventional weapons, the barrel, shells and so on.

1, concentricity

Stainless steel seamless pipe manufacturing process at a temperature of 2200 ° f punched a hole in the stainless steel billet, and at this temperature, tool steel becomes soft and drawing stamped and formed from spirally Kong Zhongcheng. Such non-uniform wall thickness of the pipe and eccentric high. Thus astm allow seamless tube wall thickness difference than to have a large difference in the thickness of the pipe joints. Pipe joints is (4-5 feet per roll width) made by precision cold-rolled sheet. Cold-rolled sheet is usually the biggest difference between the wall thickness of 0.002 inches. Steel plate was cut into a width of πd, where d is the outer diameter of the pipe. Slit pipe wall thickness tolerance is small, and the entire circumference of the wall thickness is very uniform.

2, welding performance

Usually there is a chemical seam and seamless tubes have some differences. Production of seamless steel components simply meet the basic requirements of astm. It produced the steel pipe joints contain chemicals suitable for welding. Such as silicon, sulfur, manganese, oxygen, and other elements of the triangle ferrite produces an easily transferring heat weld material during the welding process by mixing a certain proportion, so that the entire weld penetration. Missing more than the chemical composition of the steel pipe, seamless pipe, for example, the welding process will produce a variety of uncertainties, not easy to weld and solder impervious.

3, grain size

Metal grain size and heat treatment temperature and time to maintain the same temperature related. Annealed stainless steel pipe joints and seamless stainless steel pipe as grain size. If the pipe joints with a minimum of cold treatment, the weld on the grain size is smaller than the grain size of the weld metal, otherwise, the grain size is the same.

4, pipeline strength

After the three-dimensional vibration test and pull test, stainless steel pipe joints tear occurs almost exclusively in the area away from the welding point or heat the place. This is because the weld fewer impurities and the nitrogen content is higher, and thus the strength of the weld is better than the other region. However, ASME believes stainless steel pipe joints can only bear 85% of the allowable pressure, mainly due to the collection of data as early as from the improved welding equipment in use today.

Pipeline strength depends on the alloy composition, which contains the same alloy and the same heat treatment of stainless steel tubes and seamless stainless steel pipe joints essentially consistent intensity.

In the early 80s of last century, our country has introduced the door type scaffold, the bowl buckle type scaffold and so on. Gate type scaffold in the domestic many projects have been widely used, and achieved good results, as a result of the quality of the door type scaffolding products, this kind of scaffolding has not been a lot of promotion and application. In the country has built a number of gate type scaffold production plant, the majority of its products are processed by foreign businessmen. Bowl buckle type scaffolding is a new type of scaffolding in the promotion of the most widely used scaffolding, but not widely used, only some parts of the project and the application of.

Since 90s, some domestic enterprises, the introduction of foreign advanced technology, developed a variety of new scaffolding, such as pin scaffold, CRAB module, disc scaffolding, scaffolding tower scaffold, and various types of climbing frame. To 2013, the domestic professional scaffolding production enterprises more than a hundred, mainly in Wuxi, Guangzhou, Qingdao and other places. Technically speaking, our company has the ability to process a variety of scaffolding processing. But the domestic market has not yet formed, the construction of the new type of scaffolding is still inadequate understanding of the.

With the emergence of a large number of modern large-scale construction system in our country, the fastener style steel pipe scaffold has been unable to meet the needs of the development of the construction, vigorously develop and promote the application of new scaffolding is a priority. Practice has proved that the new scaffold not only safe and reliable construction, installation speed, and the amount of steel scaffolding can be reduced to 33%, disassembly efficiency is improved by more than two times, the construction cost can be decreased, the construction site civilization, clean and tidy.

Line pipe is the line pipe that belongs to the American Petroleum standard pipe, line pipe is out of the ground oil, gas, water, transportation by pipeline to the oil and gas industry enterprises. Line pipe is including seamless pipe and welded steel pipe, the pipe endplain end with threaded ends, and the order of the port side; its connection to the end of the first welding coupling connections, socket connections.

Heat treatment process of high-grade steel Line pipe with the pipeline steel plate and pipe forming and welding technology advances, gradually expanding the scope of application of the pipeline with the pipe, especially the advantages of the group within the distance range of large diameter pipe more out wet plus the cost factor, the pipe has a dominant position in the field of pipeline pipe and limiting the development of stainless steel seamless line pipe.

Line Pipe Material: L245, L360, A53, J55, N80, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70.

Design 

The heavy-duty scaffolding should have a clear understanding of the general if the slab thickness exceeds 300mm, it should be changed to consider the design in accordance with heavy-duty scaffolding, scaffolding load more than 15KN/ square meters, the design should organize experts. To distinguish those parts of the tube length changes greater impact on the load, support for the template should be considered: the top of the center line of a horizontal bar from the template support point length a should not be too long, generally less than 400mm suitable (in the new specification may be revised in), the general calculation pole top step and the bottom step of the maximum force should be calculated as the main point. When the load carrying capacity is dissatisfied, the pole should be increased to reduce the vertical and horizontal spacing, or increase the horizontal bar to reduce the step distance.

The domestic common scaffolding steel pipe, fastener, jacking and bottom material quality, the actual construction of the theoretical calculation without considering these, the best calculated safety factor in the process of design.

construction

Sweeping bar missing, and junction is not connected, sweeping shot from the distance is too large or too small; scaffold cracking, the thickness is not enough, did not meet the specifications overlap; template after removal of the inner vertical rod and the wall between the anti falling net; scissors in the plane is not continuous; the opening of scaffolding without cable brace; scaffold under small bar spacing is too large; the wall did not do outside the rigid connection; protective railing spacing is greater than 600mm; the fastener connection is not tight, slide fastener.

Deformation accident

Local deformation of scaffold due to foundation settlement. The character set closure or scissors in the double frame transverse section, a row of pole set up a group until the deformation outside the row. Eight closure or scissors must be located in a solid and reliable foundation.

Scaffolding upon which the rooting of the cantilever beam deflection exceeds the specified value, deal with the cantilever beam after anchorage reinforcement, steel support beams above the U shape holder is screwed down against the roof. There is gap between the steel beam and the reinforced ring, and it is required to be prepared with a wedge. The rope hanging beam is inspected one by one, all the fastening, ensure the uniform stress.

Scaffolding unloading, then pull system local damage, according to the original plan to immediately make the unload method to restore it, and to correct the deformation of parts and has produced bar. If the correct scaffolding outside the deformation of sheets, according to each bay set up a 5T chain, and the structure of tension, loosen the rigid pull contacts, each point inward and tighten down the chain to deformation is corrected, do rigid pull access and the unloading point of wire rope tightening, the stress is uniform, the go down the chain.

Cold galvanized steel pipe which is galvanized. This method is used to protect the galvanized metal to prevent corrosion. To this end the use of the zinc coating filler. In using any coating method to coat the surface to be protected. Forming a zinc coating after drying filler. Having a content of zinc in the dried coating (95%). Suitable for repair work (ie only as long as the repaired surface can be re-applied in place of the protected steel surface damage repair work in process). Cold galvanizing process for a variety of steel products and structures corrosion.

Cold galvanized steel pipe processing

1. The new steel surface treatment

In doing cold galvanizing should be selected before mechanical blasting (sand blasting, shot blasting, etc.). The steel surface cleanliness achieve ISO 85O1-1 Sa 2.5 magnitude. Equivalent to GB 8923 Sa 2.5 magnitude. Its character is defined as: "After the steel after mechanical descaling, surface free of oil, rust and mill scale or other dirt leaving only slight traces of .95% of the steel surface by steel shot (sand) impact is exposed... shiny metal. "

While our cold galvanized pipe for the quality of the surface treatment of another indicator - - roughness. Different cold galvanized materials require different roughness. In Zinga (Zinga) construction description. It requires average roughness Ra = 12.5. I.e. roughness Rz = 55 ~ 75 microns. In the "strong zinc" and "Luo Balu" construction specification. Roughness requirements slightly lower. Rz = 40 ~ 60 m.

If the cold galvanizing alone film. As the anti-corrosion coating. The surface roughness can be controlled a little smaller. To ensure that the cold galvanized coating thickness. When cold galvanizing as a heavy duty coating bottom. The total package coating thickness greater than 180 microns. To ensure that the entire coating adhesion. Steel surface roughness Rz should be greater than 60 microns.

2. Old steel surface treatment

The best way to use is also blasting to remove old paint, rust after. There is a certain steel surface roughness. If the conditions. It may also be hand-polished and wind (power) dynamic tools grinding rust approach. Rust grade level standards to ISO 8501-1 St 3. That is very thorough hand and power tools rust. Its character is defined as:. "The surface should be no visible grease and dirt and almost no adhesion is not strong oxidation, rust, old coatings and surface debris should have different metallic substrates luster." Different brands of cold galvanized material surface treatment level requirements vary. Such as Belgium Zinga prior to coating. Allow about 5% of the steel surface has a slight rust area. ROVAL in polished steel surface to Level 3 when st. China Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute tests. 60 to 80 microns (dry film thickness) of ROVAL coating. Excellent adhesion to steel. France opened up to 6.1MPa.

3. Electric weld surface treatment

Weld power is most easily corroded steel component parts. Practice has proved that: in an arc spray zinc (aluminum) and steel members welded hot-dip zinc coating installation. Cold galvanized weld repair. It is economical and effective way. But before repair. Weld surface must carefully remove the "splash", "slag" and "welding smoke." Remove grease, weld inspection agents and other contaminants. Polished to ISO 8501-1 grade St 2. Surface treatment has been completed. Now a cold galvanizing paint first.

The general strength of welded steel pipe is lower than that of seamless steel pipe. With the continuous improvement of the quality of the weld, more and more varieties of welded steel pipe specifications, and in more and more fields instead of seamless steel pipe. At present, in the oil and gas pipeline tube with spiral seam submerged arc welding (SSAW), double submerged arc welded pipe (LSAW) and high-frequency welded pipe (ERW). Double submerged arc welded pipe according to the different forming method is divided into UOE, RBE and JCOE steel pipes. 1 spiral seam submerged arc welded pipe spiral seam submerged arc welded pipe production, the width of the plate coil to determine the circumstances, generally suitable for small batch production of many varieties. Spiral seam submerged arc welded pipe can produce larger diameter, and some can reach more than 2540 mm, but due to the limitation of the processing technology, the thickness of the wall can be made relatively thin, generally the maximum is 14mm.

2 UOE steel pipe

UOE pipes are considered to be the best in the quality and reliability of the welded pipe market. Submarine pipeline, river crossing section, large drop lot, after the earthquake zone and active fault location, after a lot of swamp and difficult to repair the lot, the pipeline designers still insist on the use of UOE steel pipe. UOE steel pipe production unit due to high prices, is still owned by a small number of countries.

UOE steel pipe is formed by stamping and rolling, which is formed by submerged arc welding. The production method is suitable for large scale production of the same caliber, but its caliber is restricted by the wide plate width, the UOE steel pipe is made by the stamping process. Pipeline in the vast majority of cases, the thickness of the choice is determined by the rigid conditions. Usually cases, low grade and high thickness, the thickness can be above 20mm, and some even up to 28 mm or more, which is spiral pipe can't meet. UOE steel pipe production is very high, in the world in the situation of excess production capacity.

3.JCOE steel pipe

JCOE steel pipe is the first creation of Taiwan, a welding steel pipe production process. Its production process is the first in the hydraulic press to press the J shape, on both sides of the pressure side, after a number of pressing into a C shape, and finally through a circular die pressed into a circular. This pipe is used in submerged arc welding, such as after welding process is known as the JCOE steel pipe, the pipe is not up process called JCO steel pipe. Up tube, not only to improve the geometry, and the elimination of internal stress. The quality of JCOE steel pipe is similar to that of UOE steel pipe, and the production line price is much lower than that of UOE unit, but its production efficiency is lower than that of UOE unit.

4.RBE steel pipe

RBE steel pipe is through the pressure side, roll system (with three or four roller rolling Zheng Ji), the use of submerged arc welding. If you do not take up tube shaped plastic known as RB steel pipe, to take up plastic is called RBE steel pipe, after the tube to eliminate the internal stress, and its quality is similar to UOE. RBE after the production of steel to eliminate the internal stress, and its quality is similar to the UOE. RBE steel pipe production line is lower than the price of UOE, and its productivity is also low.

Oil casing damage because of the complexity, many scholars at home and abroad were research in many aspects, although opinions vary, but also has certain similarities, which is developing casing damage preventive measures to provide the necessary conditions.

1 cause analysis of casing damage

Oil and water wells casing damage caused by factors are the general factors of Geology and geological factors and engineering factors: stratigraphy (reservoir) is heterogeneity, formation dip, rock properties, formation of fault activity, underground seismic activity, crustal movement, formation corrosion situation is the result of difference of the objective conditions for the existence of the oil well casing technology in. These internal factors, once aroused, the generated should force change is great, will make oil and casing damage, and even lead to casing damage, serious interference development plan implementation, the threat of oil field.

Engineering factors causing casing damage of main engineering factors: during drilling and completion the completion quality, casing material, cementing quality, oil field water injection, fracturing, acidizing, and oil wells daily management work and so on.

keyword:Casing pipe

Entering the air-conditioning engineering industry, you might be more familiar knowledge of the welded steel pipe classification. Next, come together to look at the specific content of the welded steel pipe classification.

1. Low pressure liquid delivery welded steel pipe (GB / T3092-1993), also known as general welded pipe, commonly known as the clarinet. Welded steel pipe is used for transporting water, gas, air, oil and heating steam and other general low pressure fluid and other uses. Then divided into ordinary steel pipe wall thickness and thicker steel; take over the side into the form without steel tube (fluorescent tubes) and with steel pipe. Pipe specifications with nominal diameter (mm), said nominal diameter is the diameter of the approximation. Traditionally commonly expressed in inches, such as 11/2 and so on. Low pressure liquid delivery welded steel pipe in addition to direct for conveying fluids, but also widely used as a low pressure fluid delivery galvanized welded steel pipe of the original tube.

2. Low pressure fluid delivery galvanized welded steel pipe (GB / T3091-1993), also known as galvanized welded steel pipe, commonly known as white tube. Is used for conveying water, gas, air and steam heating oil, warm water, etc. are generally lower pressure fluid or other uses hot-dip galvanized welded (furnace brazed or welded) steel pipe. Pipe wall thickness then divided into ordinary galvanized steel and thicker galvanized steel; take over the side into the form of threaded galvanized steel and non-threaded galvanized steel band. Pipe specifications with nominal diameter (mm), said nominal diameter is the diameter of the approximation. Traditionally commonly expressed in inches, such as 11/2 and so on.

3. Ordinary carbon steel wire casing (GB3640-88) industrial and civil construction, installation of machinery and equipment for the protection of electrical installation engineering steel wires.

4. Straight seam welded steel pipe (YB242-63) is parallel to the longitudinal weld steel pipe steel pipe. Usually divided into metric welded steel pipe, welded thin-walled tube, transformer cooling tubing and the like.

5. Pressure fluid transport with spiral submerged arc welded pipe (SY5036-83) is a hot-rolled steel strip coils for the tube, often warm spiral shape, using double-sided submerged arc welding method for pressure fluid transfer spiral seam Steel Pipe. Strong pressure steel, good welding performance, through a variety of rigorous scientific examination and testing, the use of safe and reliable. Large diameter steel pipes, transmission efficiency, and can save the laying of pipeline investments. Mainly used to transport oil, natural gas pipelines.

6. Pressure fluid transport with spiral seam high frequency welded steel pipe (SY5038-83) is a hot-rolled steel strip coils for the tube, often warm spiral shape, using high frequency lap welding method.

7. General low pressure liquid delivery spiral submerged arc welded pipe (SY5037-83) is a hot-rolled steel strip coils for the tube, often warm spiral shape, using double-sided or single-sided automatic submerged arc welded into the legal system for water, gas, air and steam low pressure liquid delivery SAW pipe.

8. General low pressure liquid delivery spiral seam high frequency welded steel pipe (SY5039-83) is a hot-rolled steel strip coils for the tube, often warm spiral shape, using high frequency lap welding method for general low pressure liquid delivery spiral seam high frequency welded steel pipe.

9. Pile with spiral welded steel pipe (SY5040-83) is a hot-rolled steel strip coils for the tube, often warm spiral shape, using double-sided submerged arc welding or high frequency welding, used in civil engineering structures, piers, bridges and other infrastructure pile with steel pipe.

Carbon structural steel, carbon steel one. Carbon is about 0.05% to 0.70%, individual up to 0.90%. It can be divided into ordinary carbon steel and quality carbon structural steel categories. Many applications, the amount of large, mainly for railways, bridges, all types of construction. Manufacture of various metal components to withstand static load and mechanical parts and general weldments unimportant heat treatment is not required.

One kind of carbon steel. Carbon is about 0.05% to 0.70%, individual up to 0.90%. It can be divided into ordinary carbon steel carbon steel and quality carbon structural steel categories. The former contains impurities, low price, for the performance of less demanding place. Most of its carbon content of 0.30% or less. Manganese content of not more than 0.80%, the strength is low. But the good ductility, toughness, cold deformation properties. With few exceptions. Usually without heat treatment. Use directly. Made more bars, shaped steel, steel and so on. Many applications, the amount of large, mainly for railways, bridges, all types of construction. Manufacture of various metal components to withstand static load and mechanical parts and general weldments unimportant heat treatment is not required. Quality carbon structural steel pure steel. Fewer impurities, good mechanical performance, after heat treatment. According manganese content is divided into ordinary manganese content (less than 0.80%) and high manganese content (0.80% to 1.20%) groups. Carbon content of 0.25% or less. Many do not use direct heat treatment. Or carburizing, carbonitriding and other treatment. Manufacture of small gears, shafts, piston pins. Carbon content of 0.25% to 0.60%. Typical steel have 40,45,40Mn, 45Mn and so on. More after quenching. Manufacture of mechanical parts and fasteners. Carbon content greater than 0.60%, such as 65,70,85,65Mn, 70Mn and so on. More as spring steel.

1. Press the chemical composition

Carbon steel by chemical composition (ie carbon content) can be divided into low-carbon steel, carbon steel and high carbon steel.

⑴ low-carbon steel, also known as mild steel, carbon content from 0.10 to 0.30% low carbon steel easy to accept all kinds of processing such as forging, welding and cutting, commonly used in the manufacturing chain, rivets, bolts, shaft.

⑵ carbon steel carbon content of 0.25% to 0.60% carbon steel. It has killed steel, semi-killed steel, rimmed steel and other products. In addition to carbon also contain small amounts of manganese (0.70% to 1.20%). By product quality is divided into ordinary carbon steel and quality carbon structural steel. Good thermal processing and cutting, welding performance is poor. Strength, hardness higher than the low-carbon steel, while the ductility and toughness lower than low carbon steel. Do not heat treated, the direct use of hot-rolled sheet, cold-drawn material, can also be used after heat treatment. Quenching and tempering of steel has good mechanical properties. The highest attainable hardness of about HRC55 (HB538), σb is 600 ~ 1100MPa. So at moderate intensity levels for various applications, carbon steel the most widely used, except as a building material, also used extensively for the manufacture of mechanical parts.

⑶ high carbon steel often called tool steel. Carbon content from 0.60 to 1.70 percent. It can be hardened and tempered. Hammers, crowbars and other carbon content of the steel of 0.75%. Cutting tools such as drills, wire-tapping, reamers, etc. by the carbon content of steel of 0.90 to 1.00%.

2. Press the quality classification of steel

According to the quality of steel can be divided into ordinary carbon steel and quality carbon steel.

⑴ ordinary carbon steel, also known as ordinary carbon steel. Restrictions on carbon content, performance range as well as phosphorus, sulfur and other residual element content wider. In China and some countries are divided into three categories based on the delivery guarantee conditions: Group A steel (A type of steel) is to ensure that the mechanical properties of the steel. B steel (B class steel) is to ensure that the chemical composition of the steel. Special type of steel (C type of steel) is the only guarantee to ensure that the mechanical properties of the steel and chemical composition. Commonly used in the manufacture of the more important structural parts. China is currently the largest production and use of carbon content is about 0.20% of the A3 Steel (Group No. 3 steel). Mainly used in engineering structures. Some carbon structural steel also add a small amount of aluminum or niobium (or other carbide forming elements) forming a nitride or carbide particles. To limit grain growth. Strengthen the steel. Save steel. In China and some countries. In order to meet the special requirements of specialized steel. The chemical composition and properties of ordinary carbon steel is adjusted. In order to develop a series of ordinary carbon steel professional steel (such as bridges, buildings, steel, pressure vessel steel, etc.).

⑵ quality carbon structural steel and ordinary carbon steel compared. Low content of sulfur, phosphorus and other non-metallic inclusions. Depending on the carbon content and uses. This kind of steel roughly divided into three categories: ① less than 0.25% C low carbon steel. Especially in the carbon is less than 0.10% of the 08F, 08Al, etc. Because having a good deep drawability and weldability and is widely used as deep drawing parts such as automotive, canning ...... and so on. 20G is the production of common boiler main material. In addition, low-carbon steel is also widely as carburizing steel. For mechanical manufacturing. ②0.25 ~ 0.60% C is carbon steel. More use of quenched and tempered condition. Production machinery manufacturing industry parts. ③ greater than 0.6% C high carbon steel. Used for manufacture of springs, gears, rollers and the like. Depending on the amount of manganese. It can be divided into ordinary manganese content (0.25 to 0.8%) and high manganese content (0.7% to 1.0% and 0.9 to 1.2%) two steel groups. Manganese can improve the hardenability of steel, strengthened ferritic. Improve the yield strength, tensile strength and abrasion resistance. Usually after a high grade manganese steel additional markings "Mn". Such as 15Mn, 20Mn to distinguish normal manganese content of carbon steel.

3. By Application

By end-use is divided into carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel. Carbon tool steel carbon content between 0.65 to 1.35%. After heat treatment to obtain high hardness and high wear resistance. Mainly used in the manufacture of tools, cutting tools, dies and gauges (see tool steel). Carbon steel in accordance with the yield strength of steel is divided into five grades: Q195, Q215, Q235, Q255, Q275 due to the different quality of each grade divided into A, B, C, D grade. Up to four. Some only one. Another method of deoxidation of steel smelting difference. Deoxy method symbol: F-- b-- boiling steel semi-killed steel Z-- killed steel TZ-- special killed steel

Folding mechanical properties

Such steel is mainly to ensure that the mechanical properties. So the grades reflect its mechanical properties. With Q + digits, where "Q" is the yield point "bend" the pinyin word prefix. Numbers indicate the yield point value. For example Q275 that yield point 275Mpa. If the label behind the letter grades A, B, C, D. It means that different quality grades of steel. Volume containing S, P successively reduced. In turn improve the quality of steel. If the label behind grade letter "F" was boiling steel. Marked "b" semi-killed steel. Not marked "F" or "b" to those killed steel. For example Q235-A · F that yield point 235Mpa Class A boiling steel. Q235-C that yield point 235Mpa the C-class special killed steel or killed steel.

Folding mass fraction

Carbon structural steel under normal circumstances do not heat treated. And in the supply of state directly. Typically Q195, Q215, Q235 low carbon content steel, good welding performance, good ductility, toughness, a certain intensity, often rolled into thin sheets, welded steel pipes, and so on. For bridges, buildings and other structures and manufacturing ordinary screws, nuts and other parts. Q255 and Q275 carbon steel mass fraction higher, higher strength, ductility and toughness. It can be welded. Usually rolled into steel, strip steel and steel for structural parts and manufacturing simple mechanical linkage, gears, couplings, pins and other parts.