Low-pressure pipe irrigation water is piped with fine field level, high standards of ditch, border irrigation, are ground irrigation areas. So most of the agricultural irrigation area more suitable for pipeline irrigation, water-saving irrigation this way is a new method of surface irrigation, water efficiency is higher than the channel. Through a pipe system into the field of irrigation water to meet the water demand of crops. Construction technology is simple, easy operation and management, piping water utilization coefficient of not less than 0.95, and instead of water channels, reducing the channel area, irrigation technology is relatively simple. And it saves time, labor, irrigation and timely, easy to mechanized farming, improving farm irrigation, improve yields 10-20%, low investment and high efficiency.
Drip irrigation water is a certain pressure, after the water was filtered through a pipeline from the plant dropped dripper uniform soil near the roots, irrigation uniformity up to 80-90%, and small soil and terrain requirements, adaptability , can be saving about 40%, an increase of 15-30%. Drip irrigation method is a local irrigation, drip irrigation is only part of the soil near the roots moist crops. Not only does not produce surface runoff, little deep percolation, evaporation loss is small, modern irrigation methods in a variety of the most advanced water-saving irrigation technology. And adaptable, regardless of topography and soils can be used. In particular, row crops sowing areas using water-saving significantly increase production, improve the quality of the role. But there are certain disadvantages drip, easy to plug emitters, high quality requirements, can lead to accumulation of salt, limiting crop root development, but high cost, management requirements are relatively high.
Irrigation is a high-tech water-saving technology, water-saving, high efficiency, supporting equipment, the use of safe and reliable. For a variety of crops and a variety of terrain conditions, it is a more mature water-saving irrigation technology. But in the wind, evaporation of the region should not be used. In addition, the fixed pipeline construction cost is higher, semi-fixed sprinkler manifold moving mobile labor and more, manage more complex, requiring better management.
The utility model discloses a scaffold tube plug and play card, the connecting pipe and connector, composed in the center of the connecting tube with holes, the periphery of the through hole opening at least one of the next big small mounting hole, mounting hole parallel to the centerline and the centerline of the connecting tube. The connector includes a mounting head and a stem, wherein the shape of the mounting head big small, and with the mounting holes adapted, characterized in that: said mounting holes is a quadrangular hole, the outside with an opening, said mounting first quadrilateral block, the mounting end into the mounting hole fit therewith, said mounting hole of said ferrule through opening extends. The utility model is a significant effect: to increase the stress surface mounting head and mounting hole, and improve the stability and security of the entire pipe clamp scaffolding structure, saving material, reducing weight, can span between pipe card increased to 1.2 meters.
【Rights request】:
A scaffolding tube plug and play card, the connecting tube (1) and connectors (2), with the connecting tube (1) with holes in the center (1a), the periphery of the through-hole (1a) of open at least one of the next big small mounting hole (3), the mounting holes (3) with the center line of the connecting tube (1) is parallel to the centerline. Said connector (2) comprises a mounting head (2a) and header (2c), wherein the mounting head (2a) big small shape, and the mounting hole (3) adapted, characterized in that: said the mounting hole (3) of the quadrangular hole, which has a lateral opening, said mounting head (2a) is quadrangular block, the mounting head (2a) is inserted into the mounting holes coincide with (3), the socket ( 2c) through said mounting hole (3) extending opening.
Stainless steel is extremely thin and sturdy fine and stable chromium-rich oxide film formed on the surface protective film against and prevent the continued infiltration of oxygen atoms, to oxidation, to obtain resistance to corrosion. Once there is some reason, this film was a continual disturbance, air or liquid oxygen atoms will continue to infiltrate or metal from the iron atoms constantly analyze it, to form a loose iron oxide, metal surface rust will continue to suffer.
This form of stainless steel tube surface film damaged many of everyday life in common are stainless steel surface accumulating the attachments contain other metal elements or heterogeneous metal particles of dust in the humid air, and stainless steel fixtures between condensate, the two together into a micro-battery, causing the electrochemical reaction protective film is damaged, known that the electrochemical corrosion. Stainless steel tube surface adhesion of organic juice such as vegetables, soup, sputum, etc., in the case of water oxygen to form organic acids, organic acids long is the corrosion of the metal surface. Stainless steel tube surface adhesion containing acid, alkali, salts such as wall decoration alkaline, lime splash, causing localized corrosion. Pollution in air, such as containing a large amount of sulfide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide atmosphere, the case of condensed water to form sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid solution point, caused by chemical corrosion.
Stainless steel tube so as to have more other pipes irreplaceable advantages, Engineering will be more and more use will become increasingly popular, a good prospect. With the implementation of China's reform and opening up policy, the rapid growth of the national economy to get urban housing, public buildings and the construction of a large number of tourist facilities, hot water supply and domestic water supply put forward new demands. In particular water quality issue, there is growing attention, is also rising. Stainless steel is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, because a higher percentage of chromium and nickel have so much better creep strength at high temperature continuous operation, it has a good temperature resistance . Stainless steel due to the nickel Ni, chromium Cr content, with good resistance to oxidation, corrosion, acid and salty, high temperature performance, high temperature electric furnace steel dedicated to the manufacture of tubes and other occasions, austenitic stainless steel in the increased carbon content, Because of its solid solution strengthening effect of the strength is improved, the chemical composition of austenitic stainless steel properties are chromium, nickel-based add molybdenum, tungsten, niobium and titanium and other elements, because of its organization as a face-centered cubic structure, which at high temperatures under a high strength and creep strength at low melting solid oxide thin skin aging parts, usually lavender, the scale of such parts is relatively easy to deal with.
After parts by stainless steel pickling passivation pickling, the surface of the oxide scale has been basically in addition to clean and does not corrode parts, parts surface without leaving gray hanging directly subsequent passivation process. Parts after pickling passivation process in air poor corrosion resistance, such as exposure to air, the parts of the surface rust. To enhance the corrosion resistance of parts, the parts must generate a dense surface, good corrosion resistance of passive film, in order to achieve the purpose of corrosion resistance.
To ensure that mobile Scaffolding and use the maximum degree of safety, in strict accordance with specifications Scaffolding operation, will pay attention to the type of standard bearing scaffolding. Here at Mobile scaffolding during the process of building precautions and mobile scaffolding to note problems.
Mobile Scaffolding
1. Check that all components are mobile scaffolding quality problems;
2. Note Make sure the ground before building can provide sufficient stability and rigid support;
3. Each overall maximum load-bearing scaffolding is 750KG, maximum weight of a single platform plate 250KG;
4. Building and use of the process can only climb the scaffolding from the inside;
5. Do not use any material in boxes or other objects on the platform adds increased working height.
Scaffolding lift
1. When setting up a mobile scaffold, hoisting scaffold components shall be reliable strength material, such as a dedicated ceiling mount bracket, rope, etc., and the use of seat belts;
2. In accordance with the specifications, in the ride or large non-standard mobile scaffold need to use external support or counterweight;
3. At the bottom of the use of a counterweight to prevent tipping large mobile scaffold;
4. The use of outside support to build a standard reference;
5. When using the mobile scaffold with reference to the actual load-bearing outer support set, you should use the weight of solid material that can be placed in the supporting leg overload counterweight need to place security to prevent accidental removed.
When mobile scaffold
1. Scaffolding can only rely on human driven horizontally across the bottom of the rack movement;
2. When moving, aware of your surroundings to prevent collisions;
3. When moving scaffolding, scaffolding does not allow people or other features on it, to prevent personnel injury or fall falling objects wounding;
4. When uneven ground or slopes mobile scaffolding, must pay attention to the direction of rotation of the wheels lock;
5. When the supporting wall, leaving only the outer support a sufficient distance from the ground to avoid obstacles when moving scaffolding height should not exceed 2.5 times the minimum size of the bottom.
Note that when using the mobile scaffold outdoors, such as wind speed greater than that day more than four, should immediately stop the construction.
With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of the energy demand, the pipeline as the oil and gas resources has developed in recent years. A number of medium-caliber ERW line pipe unit was completed and put into operation.ERW line pipe has been widely used in the oil and gas field gathering pipelines, oil and gas Spur. This article will focus on the circumferential residual stress on the impact of ERW line pipe manufacturing process and final product quality and control aspects of the problem.
ERW pipe forming process can be divided into two phases: the first stage of deformation; the second stage for reducing distortion. In both phases, the steel pipe inner layer is always affected by the circumferential compressive stress and compressive deformation. The outer layer of fine molding of the bending process by weeks to the tensile stress and extension deformation: in the fine shaping and sizing process. Steel outer layer of compressive stress and compressive deformation. And ERW pipes of different specifications, the outer layer of the final strain differences. This shows that the ERW pipe inner and outer layers in the pipe circumferential strain is inconsistent. Stress state and stress the size of change.
Common problems in manufacturing process of ERW line pipe:
(1) ERW line pipe manufacturing process will bend uneven deformation of the pipe week up there is a large residual stress, so take the necessary measures to reduce the negative impact of residual stress on the ERW line pipe manufacturing process.
(2) the study and control of ERW line pipe residual stress should not be confined to the detection and analysis of the residual stress of the final product, required to pipe forming process of ERW pipeline analysis, taken from the perspective of process control measures to reduce ERW pipeline the residual stress of the pipe, reduce the adverse effects of residual stress may cause the quality of ERW line pipe.
(3) Sizing is mainly to ensure the pipe diameter to meet the requirements, the hydrostatic test is to ensure that the density of steel pipe, but for the ERW pipeline in terms of pipe, Is also an important process to reduce the circumferential residual stress.
Our company specializes in manufacturing of steel pipes for structures, electric power transmission project, pipeline of fluid use like water, oil and gas, piling, mechanical industry and municipal project. It has close relationships with many large steel corporations. So it supplies complete steel products according to customers’ requirements.
galvanized steel pipe importer
We are one of the well recognized manufacturers and suppliers of an outstanding range of Galvanized Steel Pipe Fittings. These fittings are commonly used for assembly of pipes that are used for plumbing applications. These fittings are designed from top quality galvanized steel under the guidance of our expert team of veteran engineers. Moreover, we offer our Galvanized Steel Pipe Fittings at economical prices to our clients.
Features:
Rugged designs
High durability
Corrosion resistant
Pipe Importer and Exporter-Galvanized Pipes, Non-Ferrous Pipes, Pre Galvanized Pipes, OCTG Tubular
As specialized OCTG tubular importers, we import the most sought after ranges of OCTG tubulars from china including pipe casings, drill pipes and line pipes which are quality oil control tubular goods used in petroleum industry.
The materials like aluminum, copper and titanium are non-ferrous and highly corrosion resistant materials that are used to prepare non-ferrous tubes and pipes. In order to fulfill the needs of non ferrous tubes in aerospace, chemical and food processing industries, this aluminum tubes importer supplies a wide range of imported aluminum tubes that are available in varieties of circular, rectangular and square tubing. As in the business of importing non ferrous tubes, we are one of the best titanium tubes importers who can offer titanium tubes, titanium welded tubes and titanium seamless tubes in grades varying from ASTM Grade1 to ASTM Grade 9.
We are the manufacturer and exporter of Mild Steel pipes. Mild Steel pipes are not that hard in comparison to other Steel pipes as it has mild or less part of carbon in it. It needs a special care to keep away rusting.
Material retesting → vacuum hanging → board probe → flap → planing curl before demi plate (J molding) on the board edge → loose → enter demi steel plate (C molding) demi steel plate → curl → loose out → bend → pre-welded → welding cited the (quenching) arc board → welding → Qing root weld → mechanical repair end to cited hydrostatic test (put out) arc the board → ultrasonic inspection → mechanical expanding → tube ends of ultrasonic testing ring the stratification test to the UT → X-ray inspection → Magnetic particle inspection of the finished product inspection → weighing and measuring the length → outer anticorrosion → internal corrosion → mark → delivery.
The JCOE manufacturing technology is a welded pipe forming process developed in the 1990s, during the molding process, it is the first steel plate edge milling preflex by longitudinal edges (or planing), and then type J → C → O the order of the type of molding, in each step stamping expressed in three-point bending as the basic principle. Pass progressive molding, it is necessary to solve the following problem: how to determine the shape of the mold, the upper die stroke mode spacing, and how many times in order to ensure optimum bending radius stamping out the best opening gross round tube. These problems with the steel plate material, the specific mechanical properties of the steel production plant, pipe size (diameter and thickness), which makes it very complicated. Mainly by "trial and error" that whenever the replacement of new specifications or new steel grades, he took a certain number of sample pressure test, worked out the right amount of stamping. The trial and error method is more reliable, but the efficiency is relatively low. More process parameters, only through trial and error trouble. In order to obtain a mature technology, and even take months of trial and error process. The shape and spacing of the fixed lower mold and the trial and error process is often used only explore the punch stroke, so that the results obtained may not be optimal, not fully the capacity of the unit. So it is necessary to systematically study forming factors create a theory or formula, with the trial-and-error experience to develop the molding process, thereby eliminating the need or less need to experiment to reduce the cost and time of trial, and improve production efficiency.
Fluid seamless steel pipe seamless steel pipe structure and distinction: GB / T 8162-2008 "seamless steel structure," This standard applies to general structure, mechanical structure with seamless steel tubes, GB / T 8163-2008 "transmission fluid with no pipe joints "standard applies generally seamless transmission fluid. The main difference is the structure of seamless steel pipe seamless steel pipe by root hydraulic fluid test or ultrasonic, eddy current, magnetic flux leakage inspection. Thus, the selection pressure on a standard line pipe, seamless steel structure should not be used.
Fluid seamless steel weight calculation formula: [(OD - Wall Thickness) * Thickness] * 0.02466 = kg / m (weight per meter)
Process
Sanitary Mirror Tube process:
Tube - test - peeling - test - heating - piercing - pickling - grinding - dry lubricant - welding head - cold drawn - solution treatment - Pickling - Pickling passivation - test - cold - to oil - the first cut - dried - in polish - outside polished - testing - identification - product packaging
Industrial process
Tube - test - peeling - test - heating - piercing - pickling - grinding - dry lubricant - welding head - cold drawn - solution treatment - Pickling - Pickling passivation - test
Pickling defects
Pickling hydrogen in addition to the iron oxide skin peeling effect, but also to 15CrMo alloy steel pipe within the matrix diffusion and aggregation of impurities or pores at, resulting in increased stress, reduce 15CrMo alloy steel pipe plastic increased 15CrMo alloy steel pipe brittle, which species effect called hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement is mainly affected by the rate of diffusion of hydrogen atoms. The diffusion rate of hydrogen and the following factors:
1. In sulfuric acid solution of hydrogen diffusion rate higher than the rate of diffusion of the hydrochloric acid solution.
2. With the improvement of the pickling temperature, the hydrogen diffusion rate increased sharply, and increase the acid concentration, the diffusion rate of hydrogen was not much improvement. Therefore, it is best not hot pickling at low concentrations.
3. Pickling some inclusions such as arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) increase the rate of diffusion of hydrogen atoms, which increases the possibility of hydrogen embrittlement.
4.15CrMo chemical composition of steel pipe for the diffusion of hydrogen atoms also affected. Measures to prevent hydrogen embrittlement is operated in accordance with the provisions of acid concentration and temperature, to shorten the pickling time, time and the amount added corrosion inhibitors.
Still present on the surface of steel pipe 15CrMo owe pickling after pickling has not been a net addition of iron oxide, a phenomenon called under-pickling. Less pickling can be divided into all owe less pickling and pickling according to local causes. Causing all of the reasons is due to acid pickling time is short, low acid density or low temperature; causing local pickling is not due to reasons plus horn or 15CrMo alloy steel pipe surface oil and other yard material locally. Pickling pickling methods available to continue to be under-saving.
Pickling, when carbon steel pickling, rough surface and dark color; when chromium stainless steel pickling, the surface was gray and very rough, serious round hole a certain depth - pinholes. It causes acid pickling temperature is too high, or too long pickling acid concentration is too high. This deficiency can not be saved in the event of 15CrMo alloy steel pipe performance adversely affected. After pickling 15CrMo alloy steel tubes in the rolling process it is easy to stick or roll crusher.
After residues or rust pickling addition to iron salts remaining on the surface of 15CrMo alloy steel pipe, there is a layer of 15CrMo alloy steel pipe from the oxides or salts of other elements of the composition of the residue. These residues to clean up the billet surface defects detrimental, if not washed off the surface of the slab will continue to rust and yellow.
Representative material
Carbon steel, 20,45 steel; alloy steel Q345,20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo and so on.
The formula
Calculation Method for Structural seamless steel pipe: structural steel weight of = 0.25 × π × (outer diameter of the square - the square of the inner diameter) × L × steel proportion
Where: π = 3.14 L = length of pipe steel structure proportion taking 7.8
Therefore, the structure of seamless steel pipe weight = 0.25 × 3.14 × (outer diameter of the square - the square of the inner diameter) × L × 7.8 * If the size of the unit to take meter (M), the weight of the results of the calculation in kilograms (Kg).
(1) small and medium sized steel, wire rod, rebar, in diameter steel pipe, steel wire and wire rope, etc., can be expected in a well-ventilated storage shed, but it must be on the thatch underlay.
(2) some small steel, sheet, strip, silicon steel sheet, small caliber or thin-walled steel pipes, all kinds of cold-rolled, cold-drawn steel and high prices, corrosive metal products, can be stored for storage.
(3) custody the spiral steel products venues or warehouse, should be selected in the clean, smooth drainage area, away from harmful gases or dust factories and mines. Presence on the ground to clear all the weeds and debris to keep the steel clean.
(4) heavy sections, rails, shame steel, large diameter steel pipe, forgings, etc., may open dumps.
(5) in a warehouse not with acid, alkali, salt, cement, steel and other aggressive materials stacked together. Different types of steel should be stacked separately, to prevent confusion and to prevent contact corrosion.
(6) Treasury should be based on selected geographical conditions, the general ordinary enclosed warehouse, that is the roof with walls, doors and windows tight, with the Treasury ventilation device.
(7) Treasury requirements sunny attention to ventilation, rain close attention to moisture, and keep proper storage environment.
Galvanized steel pipe also known as galvanized steel, Hot galvanized steel pipe and electro-galvanized are two kinds of hot dip galvanized galvanized thickness, having a uniform coating, strong adhesion, long life and other advantages. Electric galvanized low cost, surface is not very smooth, corrosion resistance tube itself much worse than the hot-dip galvanizing.
Hot galvanized steel pipe is molten metal and reacting the iron matrix alloy layer, so that the substrate and coating combination of both. Hot-dip galvanizing is the first steel pickling, in order to remove the steel surface of the iron oxide, after pickling, a mixed aqueous solution tank cleaning by aqueous ammonium chloride or zinc chloride or ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, and then into hot-dip plating bath. HDG has a uniform coating, strong adhesion, long life and other advantages.
Hot dip galvanized steel pipe substrate
Galvanized pipe with the molten bath complicated physical and chemical reactions, the formation of corrosion-resistant compact layer of zinc-iron alloy. Alloy layer and the layer of pure zinc, steel base blend. Therefore, its strong resistance to corrosion.